Egypt is a North African nation and its official name is "Arab Republic of Egypt".

Egypt's territory goes wide for about 1,001,450 square kilometers (386,560 square miles) of area. Egypt borders Mediterranean Sea to the North, Sudan to the south, Libya to the west, the Gaza Strip, Israel and Red Sea to the east. Egypt is one of the most populous African countries. A great part of its population (78 million estimated in 2007) live near the banks of the Nile River, the only place where arable agricultural land can be found.

Large areas of the country are uninhabitated, being part of the Sahara Desert. Around half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas. The most of them are spread across the major cities of Cairo, Alexandria and other big cities in the Nile Delta.

Egypt's ancient civilization is worldwide famous, with its characteristic monuments, including the Great Sphinx and the Pyramids. The city of Luxor contains a huge number of ancient artifacts such as the Karnak Temple and the Valley of the Kings.

Egypt is generally considered a very important centre for Middle East culture and politics.

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